More than 30 layouts of Bali villages, categorized as 'traditional,' were studied throughout the hermeneutic approach, including cosmology and morphology. In addition to the above popular understanding, this research found out the philosophical use of these imaginary axes is more complicated than only mountain-sea (kaja-kelod) or sun direction (kangin-kauh). These two imaginary axes have been implemented today's modern designs and became the most fundamental concept in town planning, rural and architectural design in Bali. When the first settlements developed, the secondary axis naturally created, the so-called kangin-kauh, which refers to the sun direction: kangin (east) is where the sun rises, and kauh (west) where the sunsets. This term is widely used by native Balinese, translated as kaja for north and kelod for south. Bali's famous settlement layout concept draws upon the imagery linear of the Mountain-Sea axis, locally named as kaja-kelod. Still, recent research gives more information to add to how every different natural topography gives a further philosophical understanding of the rural villages' layout. The Balinese people still adhere to the rules of Balinese architecture, the concept of cosmology, topography, and orientation. The uniqueness of Balinese architecture is one of the strengths that is able to defend Balinese culture from the influence of modernization and globalization.
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